The adoption of electric vehicles is rapidly growing worldwide. How do electric vehicles contribute to reducing carbon emissions and what are the key benefits they offer compared to traditional combustion engine vehicles? (Answer in 250 words, UPSC Mains 2023)

Discuss the significance of ecological hotspots in biodiversity conservation. Examine the challenges and strategies for their preservation in the context of climate change.

Discuss several ways in which microorganisms can help in meeting the current fuel shortage. (150 Words, UPSC Mains 2023)

What is the main task of India's third moon mission which could not be achieved in its earlier mission? List the countries that have achieved this task. Introduce the subsystems in the spacecraft launched and explain the role of the Virtual Launch Control Centre' at the Vikram Sarabhai Space Centre which contributed to the successful launch from Sriharikota. (Answer in 250 words, UPSC Mains 2023)

In the backdrop of intensifying global competition in critical technologies, examine how technological self-reliance is shaping India’s economic and strategic capabilities.

Artificial Intelligence is emerging as a key tool in improving governance and public service delivery in India. Discuss the opportunities and challenges associated with its adoption in the public sector.