. Though ordinances making power of President is given under Article 123 of the Constitution, yet its frequent use goes against the spirit of constitution. Examine.

“The Indian model of secularism is not about the separation of religion and State, but the principled engagement of the State with all religions.”Discuss this statement in light of recent policy debates.

The efficacy of the reservation policy depends on its capacity to authentically elevate the most disadvantaged segments of society. Evaluate this statement in light of the Maharashtra State Reservation for Socially and Educationally Backward Classes Bill, 2024.

“When there is citizen participation in budgeting and closer engagement of citizens in the monitoring of civic works, there are better outcomes and fewer leakages.” In the light of the given statement discuss the utility of the Participatory Budgeting.

. Explain the concept of the "Basic Structure of the Constitution" as propounded by the Supreme Court. How does it impact the amending power of the Parliament?

“Federalism in India is not a fixed arrangement but a continuous negotiation between Union and States.” Examine this statement with reference to recent fiscal and political developments.

. Indian democracy is marked by perennial election process which hinders governance aspect. Analyze.