Climate change is a threat to the future of our planet, but there is still time for us to ‘adapt’ to it and ‘mitigate’ its effects. Bring out the differences between the two strategies for Climate Change solution.

Response to disasters must be proactive not reactive. Discuss.

Dam failures are always catastrophic, especially on the downstream side, resulting in a colossal loss of life and property. Analyze the various causes of dam failures. Give two examples of large dam failures. (Answer in 150 words, UPSC Mains 2023)

In the context of increasing incidence of heatwaves and deteriorating air quality, critically examine how slow-onset disasters challenge conventional disaster management frameworks and necessitate a reorientation of policy responses. (250 words )

Discuss about the vulnerability of India to earthquake related hazards. Give examples including the salient features of major disasters caused by earthquakes in different parts of India during the last three decades.

Indian cities face rising risks from both natural and man-made disasters. Discuss the need for integrating disaster risk reduction (DRR) into urban planning and infrastructure.

Climate change is acting as a risk multiplier for disasters.’ Analyse this statement in the context of disaster management in India.